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1.
Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine ; : 45-45, 2021.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-880363

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND@#Predicting adverse health events and implementing preventative measures are a necessary challenge. It is important for healthcare planners and policymakers to allocate the limited resource to high-risk persons. Prediction is also important for older individuals, their family members, and clinicians to prepare mentally and financially. The aim of this study is to develop a prediction model for within 11-year dependent status requiring long-term nursing care or death in older adults for each sex.@*METHODS@#We carried out age-specified cohort study of community dwellers in Nisshin City, Japan. The older adults aged 64 years who underwent medical check-up between 1996 and 2000 were included in the study. The primary outcome was the incidence of the psychophysically dependent status or death or by the end of the year of age 75 years. Univariable logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the associations between candidate predictors and the outcome. Using the variables with p-values less than 0.1, multivariable logistic regression analyses were then performed with backward stepwise elimination to determine the final predictors for the model.@*RESULTS@#Of the 1525 female participants at baseline, 105 had an incidence of the study outcome. The final prediction model consisted of 15 variables, and the c-statistics for predicting the outcome was 0.763 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.714-0.813). Of the 1548 male participants at baseline, 211 had incidence of the study outcome. The final prediction model consisted of 16 variables, and the c-statistics for predicting the outcome was 0.735 (95% CI 0.699-0.771).@*CONCLUSIONS@#We developed a prediction model for older adults to forecast 11-year incidence of dependent status requiring nursing care or death in each sex. The predictability was fair, but we could not evaluate the external validity of this model. It could be of some help for healthcare planners, policy makers, clinicians, older individuals, and their family members to weigh the priority of support.


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cohort Studies , Geriatric Assessment/statistics & numerical data , Independent Living/statistics & numerical data , Japan , Nursing Homes/statistics & numerical data , Risk Assessment , Risk Factors
2.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, UY-BNMED, BNUY | ID: biblio-1142100

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El cáncer es una enfermedad asociada al envejecimiento y tiene una alta prevalencia en los adultos mayores. La valoración geriátrica integral (VGI) mejora los cuidados de los adultos mayores (AM) con cáncer. En contextos sanitarios con recursos limitados, no todos los AM podrán ser evaluados por un geriatra. Un modelo en 2 pasos, incluyendo el test G8, en la consulta habitual del oncólogo, permite seleccionar aquellos pacientes que se beneficiarán de una VGI. Esta puede aportar en la toma de decisiones del tratamiento oncológico específico. Objetivo: Evaluar el beneficio del test G8 y la VGI en ≥ 70 años con cáncer candidatos a recibir quimioterapia. Material y Métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal, de una muestra no probabilística de pacientes ≥ de 70 años con diagnóstico de cáncer y candidatos a recibir quimioterapia. Se aplicó el G8 por el oncólogo y se completó la VGI en los que presentaron alteración en algunas de las áreas evaluadas. Resultados: Se analizaron 32 pacientes. Se realizó G8 a todos, en 21 de ellos se completó la VGI. En estos, en reunión multidisciplinaria con oncólogo y geriatra se discutió el tratamiento. En el 38% de los pacientes se cambió la conducta oncológica tras contar con la valoración geriátrica integral. Conclusión: Creemos que la incorporación del G8 en la práctica clínica del oncólogo aporta una herramienta de cribado útil para identificar los pacientes ≥70 años que se benefician de una VGI previa al inicio de tratamiento oncoespecífico, optimizando de esta manera los recursos.


Introduction: Cancer is a disease associated with aging and has a high prevalence in older adults. Comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) improves the care of older adults (OA)with cancer. In healthcare settings with limited resources, not all OA may be evaluated by a geriatrician. A 2-step model, including the G8 test, in the usual oncologist consultation, allows selecting those patients who will benefit from CGA. This can contribute to decision-making regarding specific cancer treatment. Objective: To evaluate the benefit of the incorporation of the G8 test and CGA in the ≥ 70 years with cancer candidates for chemotherapy. Material and Methods: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study of a non-probability sample of patients ≥ 70 years of age with a diagnosis of cancer and candidates for chemotherapy. The G8 was applied by the oncologist and the CGA was completed in those who presented alteration in some of the evaluated areas. Results: 32 patients were analyzed. G8 was performed in all, in 21 of them the CGA was completed. In these, the treatment was discussed in a multidisciplinary meeting with an oncologist and a geriatrician. Oncological behavior was changed in 38% of patients after having a comprehensive geriatric evaluation. Conclusion: We believe that the incorporation of the G8 test in the clinical practice of the oncologist provides a useful screening tool to identify patients ≥70 years who benefit from CGA prior to the start of oncospecific treatment, thus optimizing resources.


Introdução: O câncer é uma doença associada ao envelhecimento e tem alta prevalência em idosos. A avaliação geriátrica ampla (AGA) melhora o atendimento a idosos com câncer. Em ambientes de saúde com recursos limitados, nem todos eles podem ser avaliadas por um geriatra. Um modelo de duas etapas, incluindo o teste G8, na consulta oncológica usual, permite selecionar os pacientes que serão beneficiados pela AGA. Isso pode contribuir para a tomada de decisões em relação ao tratamento específico do câncer. Objetivo: Avaliar o benefício da incorporação do teste G8 e AGA nos ≥ 70 anos com câncer, candidatos à quimioterapia. Material e Métodos: Estudo observacional, descritivo e transversal de uma amostra não probabilística de pacientes com idade ≥ 70 anos com diagnóstico de câncer e candidatos à quimioterapia. O G8 foi aplicado pelo oncologista e a AGA foi realizada naqueles que apresentaram alteração em algumas das áreas avaliadas. Resultados: 32 pacientes foram analisados. O G8 foi realizado em todos, em 21 deles a AGA foi aplicada. Nesses, o tratamento foi discutido em reunião multidisciplinar com oncologista e geriatra. O tratamento oncológico foi alterado em 38% dos pacientes após uma avaliação geriátrica amplia. Conclusão: Acreditamos que a incorporação do teste G8 na prática clínica do oncologista fornece uma ferramenta de triagem útil para identificar pacientes com idade ≥70 anos que se beneficiam da AGA antes do início do tratamento oncoespecífico, otimizando recursos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Geriatric Assessment/statistics & numerical data , Triage , Neoplasms/drug therapy , Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects , Uruguay , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Decision Making
3.
Geriatr., Gerontol. Aging (Online) ; 14(2): 114-119, 30/06/2020.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1103701

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Frailty predicts functional decline and could be associated with adverse outcomes such as disability, multiple hospitalizations, falls, loss of mobility, and cardiovascular disease. In Colombia 12.5% of prevalence has been reported. In the present study, the different clinical variables associated with frailty were evaluated in a population of hospitalized patients older than 65 years in Bucaramanga, Colombia, in order to predict the behavior of these variables to generate measurement tools of greater applicability than that of currently existing tools. METHODS: An analytical observational cross-sectional study with non-probabilistic sampling was conducted from January 2016 to June 2017 in patients older than 65 years of follow-up >48 hours by the internal medicine service. Fried criteria were used to evaluate patients on their last day of hospitalization. RESULTS: A total of 155 patients were included, of whom 60.6% were frail. A combined analysis of the variables that showed association with frailty revealed that a calf circumference lower than or equal to 31 cm, a gait speed lower than or equal to 0.8 m/s, and age above 75 years were associated with frailty. It was also shown that being male and having a BMI >27 kg/m2 are protective factors for frailty. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of frailty in hospitalized older adults was higher than that reported in local studies for the community population. According to multivariate analysis, the variables, when analyzed together, have a predictive ability of 92% to estimate frailty in hospitalized patients.


INTRODUCCIÓN: El síndrome de fragilidad puede asociarse a mayor riesgo de deterioro funcional y desenlaces adversos como discapacidad, múltiples hospitalizaciones, caídas, pérdida de movilidad y enfermedad cardiovascular. En Colombia se ha reportado una prevalencia del 12,5%. En el presente estudio, se evalúan las diferentes variables clínicas asociadas a fragilidad en una población de pacientes mayores de 65 años en una población hospitalaria en Colombia con el fin de predecir el comportamiento de estas variables y poder general herramientas de detección de mayor aplicabilidad que las que existen actualmente. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio observacional analítico de tipo corte transversal con muestreo no probabilístico desde enero de 2016 a junio de 2017 en pacientes mayores de 65 años en seguimiento > 48 horas por el servicio de medicina interna. Se evaluó la presencia de fragilidad a través de los criterios de Linda Fried, medidos previo al egreso. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 155 pacientes, el 60,6% cumplió criterios de Fragilidad. Al realizar el análisis combinado de las variables que mostraron asociación con fragilidad se encontró que una circunferencia de la pantorrilla menor o igual a 31 cm, una velocidad de marcha menor o igual de 0,8 m/seg y ser mayor de 75 años tenían asociación de riesgo para tener fragilidad. También se evidenciaron que ser hombre y tener IMC > 27 kg/m2 , son factores protectores para tener fragilidad. CONCLUSIONES: La prevalencia de fragilidad en adultos mayores hospitalizados fue mayor de la reportada en estudios locales para población comunitaria. De acuerdo con el análisis multivariado, los criterios modificados de Fried incluyendo perímetro de pantorrilla, sin tener en cuenta dinamometría, tienen una capacidad predictiva del 92% para estimar fragilidad en pacientes hospitalizados.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Geriatric Assessment/statistics & numerical data , Frail Elderly , Frailty , Body Weights and Measures , Health of the Elderly , Cross-Sectional Studies , Colombia , Hospitalization
4.
Geriatr., Gerontol. Aging (Online) ; 14(1): 52-60, 31-03-2020. tab, graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1097168

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: Idosos com 80 anos ou mais, ou longevos, são o subgrupo etário que mais cresce no mundo. Nesse segmento, a incapacidade funcional (IF) é mais prevalente que em outras faixas etárias. OBJETIVO: Caracterizar a capacidade funcional e analisar potenciais associações em idosos longevos de uma capital brasileira, com base em um modelo de decisão. MÉTODO: Estudo transversal com 100 idosos longevos, não institucionalizados, assistidos pela Estratégia Saúde da Família do Recife (PE), selecionados por amostra probabilística. Foram avaliados dados sociodemográficos, econômicos e clínicos coletados por meio de entrevistas domiciliares, aferição de medidas antropométricas e buscas nos prontuários. Para análise bivariada, foi empregado o teste χ2 de Pearson, considerando o nível de significância p < 0,05, e para a multivariada foi construída uma árvore de decisão com base em um algoritmo Exhaustive CHAID. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de IF na amostra correspondeu a 67,0%. Na análise bivariada, contribuíram para esse desfecho: renda (p = 0,032), situação previdenciária (p < 0,01), situação nutricional (p = 0,010), doenças neurológicas (p < 0,01), neoplasias (p < 0,01), saúde autopercebida (p = 0,025) e rede de apoio social (p = 0,032), permanecendo na análise multivariada: renda (p = 0,003), rede de apoio social (p = 0,032) e situação nutricional (p = 0,040). A árvore de decisão possibilitou a identificação das variáveis mais associadas ao desfecho, sendo capaz de prever adequadamente a dependência moderada, com assertividade de 72,1%. CONCLUSÃO: O modelo de decisão mostrou-se uma ferramenta oportuna na dedução dos determinantes mais relevantes da IF. Seu uso potencialmente contribui para ampliar a precisão diagnóstica e identificação de populações de risco.


INTRODUCTION: The oldest old adults, aged 80 years and above, is the fastest growing age group in the world. In this section of the population, functional disability (FD) is more prevalent compared to other age groups. OBJECTIVE: To characterize functional capacity and analyze potential associations in the oldest old from a Brazilian capital city, based on a decision model. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of 100 non-institutionalized oldest old participants assisted at the Family Health Strategy of Recife, in the Brazilian northeastern state of Pernambuco, selected by probabilistic sample. Sociodemographic, economic, and clinical data were collected by means of home interviews, anthropometric measurements, and medical records. For bivariate analysis, Pearson's chi-square test was used, establishing significance at p < 0.05. For the multivariate analysis, a decision tree was built from the Exhaustive CHAID algorithm. RESULTS: The prevalence of FD in the sample corresponded to 67.0%. In the bivariate analysis, the following data contributed to this outcome: income (p = 0.032), social security status (p < 0.01), nutritional status (p = 0.010), neurological diseases (p < 0.01), neoplasms (p < 0.01), self-perceived health (p = 0.025) and social support network (p = 0.032), remaining in the multivariate analysis: income (p = 0.003), social support network (p = 0.032), and nutritional status (p = 0.040). The decision tree allowed the identification of the variables most strongly associated with the outcome, being able to adequately predict moderate dependence, with 72.1% assertiveness. CONCLUSION: The decision model proved to be a timely tool in deducing the most relevant determinants of FD. Its use potentially contributes to increase the accuracy of the diagnosis and to identify populations at risk.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged, 80 and over , Primary Health Care , Activities of Daily Living , Decision Trees , Geriatric Assessment/statistics & numerical data , Longevity/physiology , Social Support , Socioeconomic Factors , Health of the Elderly , Cross-Sectional Studies , Age Factors
5.
Rev. saúde pública (Online) ; 54: 56, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1101868

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To evaluate the incidence and persistence of fear of falling in older adults and the clinical/functional, psychosocial and lifestyle-related risk factors. METHODS A longitudinal study with 393 community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and over (110 men/ 283 women) resident in the North Zone of the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The fear of falling was assessed by the Falls Efficacy Scale-I-BR. The explanatory variables assessed were: number of comorbidities and medicines, history of falls, fracture from falling, use of walking aids, functional dependence in basic and instrumental activities of daily living, hearing and visual impairment, hand grip strength, walking speed, self-rated health, body mass index, depressive symptoms, cognitive impairment, living alone and activity level. Incidence, persistence and risk factors were estimated. Multivariate analysis was performed using Poisson Regression, obtaining relative risks (RR) and corresponding to 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS Among the 393 participants, fear of falling occurred in 33.5% and was persistent in 71.3%. Incidence was found to associate with using seven or more medicines and reporting worse activity level than the prior year. Risk factors for persistent fear were: using seven or more medicines, a history of one or two falls, reduced walking speed, hearing impairment, cognitive impairment, depressive symptoms and poor or very poor self-rated health. CONCLUSION Fear of falling is a frequent and persistent condition. Many factors related to persistent fear showed no association with the incidence of fear, emphasizing the need for focused strategies to reduce risk factors that may be associated with the chronification of fear of falling.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Accidental Falls/statistics & numerical data , Geriatric Assessment/statistics & numerical data , Socioeconomic Factors , Time Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Activities of Daily Living , Poisson Distribution , Incidence , Risk Factors , Longitudinal Studies , Frail Elderly/statistics & numerical data , Risk Assessment , Fear , Life Style
6.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 18: eAO5263, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1090078

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective To assess the health profile of community-dwelling older adults, according to sex, assisted by the Elderly Caregiver Program of the City of São Paulo. Methods Secondary data of 535 older adults, assisted by ten Elderly Caregiver Program teams from the southern region of São Paulo, were collected from medical records and the Multidimensional Evaluation of Older People in Primary Care, after verifying the inclusion and exclusion criteria for the study and obtaining subjects' consent. Results Older adults assisted by this program were predominantly female (77.6%), mean age of 76.2±8.0 years. They had negative self-rated health (67.8%), difficulties in instrumental activities of daily living (68.4%) and signs of mood changes (60.3%). A high prevalence of older adults with vision problems (58.8%), polypharmacy (58.1%), memory-related complaints (55.8%) and multiple morbidities (50.6%) were observed. The prevalence of multiple morbidities, polypharmacy, cognitive impairment and signs of mood changes were higher in women. On the other hand, men reported more hearing problems than women. Conclusion The poorer health conditions of the older adults in this study, evidenced by a high prevalence of subjects with negative self-rated health, difficulties in instrumental activities of daily living, multiple morbidities, polypharmacy and other complaints (sensorial changes, depressive and cognitive symptoms), reinforce the importance of this program as a long-term care policy and as a way to ensure these older adults can continue living in their communities.


RESUMO Objetivo Analisar o perfil de saúde de idosos residentes na comunidade, de acordo com o sexo, cadastrados no Programa Acompanhante de Idosos do Município de São Paulo. Métodos Os dados secundários de 535 idosos assistidos por dez equipes do Programa Acompanhante de Idosos da região sul de São Paulo foram coletados a partir da consulta em prontuários e da Avaliação Multidimensional da Pessoa Idosa na Atenção Primária, após verificados os critérios de inclusão e exclusão para o estudo e a autorização dos idosos selecionados. Resultados Os idosos assistidos por este programa eram predominantemente do sexo feminino (77,6%), apresentavam média de idade 76,2±8,0 anos, tinham autoavaliação negativa de saúde (67,8%), comprometimento das atividades instrumentais da vida diária (68,4%) e indícios de alterações de humor (60,3%). Foi observada alta prevalência de idosos com dificuldades para enxergar (58,8%), polifarmácia (58,1%), queixas de problemas de memória (55,8%) e com múltiplas morbidades (50,6%). Na comparação entre os sexos, a presença de múltiplas morbidades, polifarmácia, queixas cognitivas e sinais de alterações de humor foi maior entre as mulheres. Por outro lado, a demanda de maior prevalência entre os homens foi referente a dificuldades em ouvir. Conclusão As piores condições de saúde desses idosos, constatadas pela alta prevalência de autoavaliação negativa de saúde, pelo comprometimento das atividades instrumentais da vida diária, por múltiplas morbidades, pela polifarmácia e outras queixas (alterações sensoriais, sintomas depressivos e alterações cognitivas), reafirmam a importância deste programa como política de cuidados de longa duração e para a manutenção destes idosos residindo na comunidade.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Geriatric Assessment/statistics & numerical data , Health Services for the Aged/statistics & numerical data , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Activities of Daily Living , Health Status , Prevalence , Surveys and Questionnaires , Risk Factors , Frail Elderly/statistics & numerical data , Age Factors , Age Distribution , Polypharmacy , Frailty/epidemiology , Middle Aged
7.
São Paulo med. j ; 137(5): 463-470, Sept.-Oct. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1059100

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Frailty among elderly people is associated with negative health outcomes. Through gaining better understanding of this syndrome over different time periods, healthcare actions that take predictive factors into consideration may be facilitated. OBJECTIVE: To identify factors associated with frailty syndrome among community-dwelling elderly people over a two-year follow-up. DESIGN AND SETTING: Longitudinal study on elderly people living in Uberaba (MG), Brazil. Methods: Elderly individuals were selected through multiple-stage conglomerate sampling from a national database. Participants were interviewed and evaluated in 2014 and again in 2016. Predictors were considered at the baseline, and frailty categories (frail, pre-frail or non-frail) at the follow-up. Frailty was identified based on the Fried criteria. Associations with socioeconomic factors, health status and physical performance were investigated using multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS: 353 individuals participated in both assessments. The final model showed that age over 80 years was predictive of both pre-frailty and frailty (odds ratio, OR 4.92; 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.57-15.38; OR 8.64; 95% CI: 2.05-36.35, respectively), while dependency regarding basic activities of daily living (OR 3.66; 95% CI: 1.22-11.02) and poor lower-limb physical performance (OR 7.87; 95% CI: 1.97-31.39) predicted frailty. A one-unit increased score for advanced activities of daily living decreased the frailty rate by 15% (OR 0.85; 95% CI: 0.74-0.99). CONCLUSION: Age over 80 years was predictive of pre-frailty and frailty, while dependency in basic activities of daily living and poor physical performance predicted frailty. A one-unit increased score for advanced activities of daily living decreased the frailty rate by 15%.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Activities of Daily Living , Geriatric Assessment/statistics & numerical data , Frail Elderly/statistics & numerical data , Frailty/epidemiology , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Logistic Models , Interviews as Topic , Follow-Up Studies , Longitudinal Studies , Frailty/physiopathology
8.
São Paulo med. j ; 137(5): 430-437, Sept.-Oct. 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1059104

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Falls among the elderly are one of the main public health problems that have direct consequences for their health. They reduce these individuals' autonomy and functional independence. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the risk factors associated with falls among elderly people enrolled within primary healthcare. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study conducted at primary healthcare units in the municipality of Patos, state of Paraíba, Brazil. METHODS: The Fall Risk Score and Timed Up and Go (TUG) test were used for evaluating the risk of falling among 316 elderly individuals. The independent variables used were sociodemographic and health conditions, while the dependent variable was the frequency of falls on the same level, over the course of previous years. The descriptive statistical tests used were the chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests. RESULTS: Occurrence of falls was reported by 211 of the 316 participants, representing a prevalence of 66.8% with confidence interval 61.6-72.0. The logistic regression results showed, after adjusting for all variables included in the model, that only the variables of vestibular disorders, self-assessed health status and dizziness/vertigo (trend) were significant (P ≤ 0.05). Most of the elderly participants had two or more associated pathological conditions. The participants were predominantly female (68.4%). CONCLUSIONS: Higher occurrence of falls was observed among female elderly individuals who suffered recurrent falls, had had low levels of schooling, presented comorbidities, had comorbidities and made use of drugs. These conditions predisposed these individuals to greater vulnerability to the risk of falls.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Accidental Falls/statistics & numerical data , Geriatric Assessment/statistics & numerical data , Primary Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Comorbidity , Logistic Models , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors
9.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 112(3): 271-278, Mar. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-989332

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: The diagnosis, treatment and control of arterial hypertension are fundamental for a reduction in cardiovascular outcomes, especially in the elderly. In Brazil, there are few studies that specifically identified these rates in the elderly population. Objective: To verify rates of prevalence, treatment and control of hypertension in elderly people living in the urban area of a Brazilian capital city. Methods: A cross-sectional, population-based, randomized, cluster-based study with 912 non-institutionalized elderly individuals (≥ 60 years), living in urban areas in the city of Goiania, Midwest Brazil. Predictor variables were: age, gender, socioeconomic and lifestyle aspects. Blood pressure measurements were performed at home; patients were considered as having arterial hypertension when SBP and/or DBP ≥ 140/90 mmHg or when using antihypertensive drugs (dependent variable). Rates of hypertension treatment and control were evaluated. Variable association analyses were performed by multivariate logistic regression and level of significance was set at 5%. Results: The prevalence of arterial hypertension was 74.9%, being higher (78.6%) in men (OR 1.4, 95% CI: 1.04-1.92); the treatment rate was 72.6%, with higher rates being observed in smokers (OR 2.06, 95% CI: 1.28-3.33). The rate of hypertension control was 50.8%,being higher in women (OR 1.57, 95% CI: 1.19-2.08). Conclusion: The prevalence rates were high. Treatment and control rates were low and associated with gender, age and lifestyle, indicating the need for early and individual interventions.


Resumo Fundamento: O diagnóstico, tratamento e controle da hipertensão arterial são fundamentais para a redução de eventos cardiovasculares, especialmente em idosos. No Brasil são escassos os estudos que identificaram essas taxas especificamente na população idosa. Objetivo: Verificar a prevalência, taxas de tratamento e controle da hipertensão arterial entre idosos da zona urbana de uma capital brasileira. Métodos: Estudo transversal de base populacional, com amostragem aleatória por conglomerado, realizado com 912 idosos (maiores de 60 anos), residentes na zona urbana de Goiânia. Variáveis preditoras: idade, sexo, aspectos socioeconômicos e estilo de vida. Medidas da pressão arterial (PA) realizada em domicílio; hipertensão arterial (HA) igual a PA sistólica e/ou diastólica maior ou igual a 140/90mmHg ou usando anti-hipertensivos (variável dependente). Foram avaliadas taxas de tratamento e controle de HA. Análise de associação dos desfechos com regressão logística multivariada e nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Prevalência de hipertensão arterial total foi de 74,9%, sendo maior entre os homens 78,6% (OR 1,4; IC95%1,04-1,92); A taxa de tratamento foi de 72,6%, com taxas superiores entre os fumantes (OR 2,06; IC 95% 1,28-3,33). A taxa de controle total foi de 50,8%, maior entre as mulheres (OR 1,57; IC 95% 1,19- 2,08). Conclusões: As taxas de prevalência foram elevadas. Taxas de tratamento e controle foram baixas e mostraram associação com sexo, faixa etária e estilo de vida, indicando necessidade de intervenções precoces e individuais.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Urban Population/statistics & numerical data , Geriatric Assessment/statistics & numerical data , Hypertension/epidemiology , Blood Pressure/physiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Multivariate Analysis , Hypertension/prevention & control , Hypertension/drug therapy , Life Style , Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use
10.
Clinics ; 74: e477, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1001821

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Sarcopenia is a common treatable geriatric condition. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia and its associated factors in community-dwelling elderly living in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and to discuss the impact of different muscle mass, handgrip strength and gait speed cut-off values on the reported frequency of sarcopenia. METHODS: The health habits, functional capacity, and anthropometric measurements of 745 individuals aged ≥65 years from the Frailty in Brazilian Older People study were analyzed. The participants were classified into the following four groups: no sarcopenia, pre-sarcopenia, sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed. Muscle mass, handgrip strength and gait speed cut-off thresholds tailored to the sample and those proposed by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People were used to compare the prevalence rates of sarcopenia. RESULTS: Seventy-three percent of the participants were female, 61.9% were Caucasian, and the mean age was 76.6 years. The prevalence rates of sarcopenia were 10.8% and 18% using the sample-tailored and European consensus cut-off values, respectively. Sarcopenia was associated with advanced age (OR: 37.2; CI95%12.35-112.48), Caucasian race (OR: 1.89; CI 95% 1.02-3.52), single marital status (OR:6; CI95% 2.2-16.39), low income (OR:3.64; CI 95% 1.58-8.39), and the presence of comorbidities (OR:3.26; CI 95%1.28-8.3). CONCLUSION: In this study, the estimated prevalence of sarcopenia was similar to that reported in most studies after the tailored handgrip strength and gait speed cut-off values were adopted. A higher prevalence was observed when the cut-off values suggested by the European consensus were used. This indicates that the prevalence of sarcopenia must be estimated using population-specific reference values.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Geriatric Assessment/statistics & numerical data , Hand Strength , Muscle Strength , Sarcopenia/epidemiology , Walking Speed , Reference Values , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Activities of Daily Living , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Sarcopenia/diagnosis , Independent Living/statistics & numerical data
11.
Cad. Saúde Pública (Online) ; 35(9): e00156018, 2019. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1019629

ABSTRACT

Resumo: A evolução temporal das prevalências de incapacidade em idosos pode ocorrer devido ao efeito de idade, período ou coorte. A idade é relacionada a fatores biológicos, o período ao contexto ambiental do sujeito e a coorte às exposições que o mesmo sofre desde o seu nascimento até o momento atual. O objetivo do estudo foi verificar quais dimensões temporais mais influenciam a evolução da prevalência de incapacidade entre idosos, em 15 anos. Foram utilizados dados da Coorte de Idosos de Bambuí, e a incapacidade foi avaliada por relato de "muita dificuldade" ou "não consegue" realizar pelo menos uma entre as atividades relacionadas à mobilidade, atividades básicas e instrumentais de vida diária. A análise foi feita pelo modelo idade-período-coorte para dados agregados, com cálculo dos efeitos das dimensões temporais por análise do deviance. O modelo de regressão de Poisson determinou as associações entre idade, período e coorte e a prevalência de incapacidade, considerando-se a população total e a estratificação por sexo e nível de escolaridade. O efeito de período foi o mais importante para as três dimensões da incapacidade, com aumento da prevalência no início do período, seguida de redução ao longo do tempo, com pequenas diferenças em relação ao sexo e a escolaridade. O efeito de coorte foi significativo, embora menos importante que o de período. Assim, destaca-se o importante olhar para o ambiente do idoso na busca da redução da prevalência de incapacidade, com ênfase nas políticas e programas que podem impactar de forma positiva na evolução temporal desse desfecho, dado o consistente efeito de período observado neste estudo.


Abstract: Time trends in the prevalence rates of incapacity in the elderly can occur due to the effects of age, period, or cohort. Age is related to biological factors, the period to the subject's environmental context, and the cohort to the subject's exposures from birth to the present. The study aimed to verify which time dimensions most influence the evolution in the prevalence of incapacity in the elderly over the course of 15 years. Data were used from the Bambuí Elderly Cohort, and incapacity was assessed by report of "great difficulty" or "inability" to perform at least one of the activities related to mobility and basic and instrumental activities of daily living. The analysis was done with the age-period-cohort model for aggregate data, with calculation of the effects of time dimensions by analysis of deviance. A Poisson regression model determined the associations between age, period, and cohort and prevalence of incapacity, considering the total population and stratification by sex and schooling. Period effect was the most important for the three dimensions of incapacity, with an increase in prevalence at the start of the period, followed by a reduction over time, with minor differences in relation to sex and schooling. Cohort effect was significant, although less important than period effect. The results highlight the importance of analyzing the elder's environment for reducing prevalence of incapacity, with an emphasis on policies and programs that can positively impact the time trend in this outcome, given the consistent effect of period observed in this study.


Resumen: La evolución temporal de las prevalencias de incapacidad en ancianos puede estar ocasionada debido al efecto de la edad, período o cohorte. La edad está relacionada con factores biológicos, el período con el contexto ambiental del sujeto y la cohorte con las exposiciones que el mismo sufre desde su nacimiento hasta el momento actual. El objetivo del estudio fue verificar cuáles son las dimensiones temporales que más influencian la evolución de la prevalencia de la incapacidad entre ancianos durante 15 años. Se utilizaron datos de la Cohorte de Ancianos de Bambuí y se evaluó la incapacidad por el informe de "mucha dificultad" o "no consigue" realizar por lo menos una, entre todas las actividades relacionadas con la movilidad, además de las actividades básicas e instrumentales de la vida diaria. El análisis se realizó mediante el modelo edad-período-cohorte para datos agregados, con cálculo de los efectos de las dimensiones temporales por análisis de desviación. El modelo de regresión de Poisson determinó las asociaciones entre edad, período y cohorte y la prevalencia de incapacidad, considerando la población total y la estratificación por sexo y nivel de escolaridad. El efecto de período fue el más importante para las tres dimensiones de la incapacidad, con un aumento de la prevalencia en el comienzo del período, seguida de una reducción a lo largo del tiempo, con pequeñas diferencias en relación con el sexo y la escolaridad. El efecto de cohorte fue significativo, aunque menos importante que el de período. De esta forma, se destaca la importante visión del anciano respecto al ambiente, con el fin de reducir la prevalencia de incapacidad, resaltando las políticas y programas que pueden impactar de forma positiva en la evolución temporal de este desenlace, dado el consistente efecto del período observado en este estudio.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Activities of Daily Living , Geriatric Assessment/statistics & numerical data , Disabled Persons/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Cohort Studies , Age Factors , Disability Evaluation , Middle Aged
12.
Clinics ; 74: e972, 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1019699

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to evaluate the self-perception of oral health according to the physical, psychosocial and pain/discomfort dimensions related to clinical conditions and orofacial pain of elderly people living in three different environments. METHODS: This was an observational, cross-sectional, quantitative study with a population-based approach and nonprobabilistic convenience sampling that included 81 elderly people: 27 resided in institutional homes for elderly individuals, 27 resided in an urban area and 27 resided in a rural area in the interior of Paraíba (PB) in northeastern Brazil. RESULTS: The Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) was used to assess self-perception of oral health, while the Questionnaire for Screening of Patients with Temporomandibular Disorders (QST/TMD) was used to assess the influences of orofacial pain and the biofilm indexes of teeth and prostheses. There was a statistically significant difference in the GOHAI scores among the places of residence, with the worst values associated with the rural area. According to the QST/TMD, the majority of individuals were affected by TMDs, with statistical differences for both sex and income. CONCLUSION: The biofilm analysis showed a higher incidence of clinical conditions in the rural population. The place of residence also influenced self-perception and the clinical oral health condition of elderly people; the rural population presented the worst results.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Self Concept , Geriatric Assessment/statistics & numerical data , Oral Health , Quality of Life , Rural Population , Facial Pain/diagnosis , Brazil/epidemiology , Geriatric Assessment/methods , Sex Factors , Urban Health , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Homes for the Aged
13.
Rev. bras. enferm ; 72(supl.2): 49-55, 2019. tab
Article in English | BDENF, LILACS | ID: biblio-1057649

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the functional capacity of long-lived older adults from Amazonas. Method: A cross-sectional epidemiological study was carried out with 116 older adults aged 80 years or older, registered in a primary health care unit in Belém, in the state of Pará, Brazil. The Functional Independence Measure (FIM) was used for functional capacity assessment and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) for cognitive screening. Univariate and bivariate analyses were carried out, in addition to the Pearson's chi-square test. Results: The older adults presented modified independence in the self-care, sphincter control and locomotion dimensions, and needed supervision for mobility/transfers. In mobility, men presented complete independence. Modified independence was found in the 80-89 age group. It was observed that, the lower the education level, the worse the cognitive performance. Conclusion: In spite of their advanced age, long-lived older adults still present functional capacity for activities of daily living, even though they required supervision for high energy expenditure tasks, such as mobility and transfers.


RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar la capacidad funcional de ancianos longevos amazónicos. Método: Estudio epidemiológico, transversal, realizado con 116 ancianos de edad igual o mayor a 80 años, registrados en una Unidad Municipal de Salud de Belém-Pará, Brasil. Para evaluar la capacidad funcional se utilizó la Medida de Independencia Funcional (MIF), y para la evaluación cognitiva, el Miniexamen del Estado Mental. Se aplicó análisis univariado y bivariado, además del test de Chi-cuadrado de Pearson. Resultados: Los ancianos mostraron independencia modificada en los dominios autocuidado, control de esfínteres, locomoción y supervisión de la movilidad/transferencia. En la movilidad, los hombres demostraron independencia total. En la faja etaria de 80-89 años se observó independencia modificada. Se notó que los menos escolarizados tenían peor desempeño cognitivo. Conclusión: A pesar de su edad, los longevos presentan aún capacidad funcional para su día a día, precisando supervisión para las tareas de mayor gasto energético, como movilidad y transferencia.


RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a capacidade funcional de idosos longevos amazônidas. Método: Estudo epidemiológico, transversal, realizado com 116 idosos com idade igual ou superior a 80 anos, cadastrados em uma Unidade Municipal de Saúde em Belém-Pará, Brasil. Para avaliação da capacidade funcional, utilizou-se a Medida de Independência Funcional (MIF) e, para rastreio cognitivo, o Mini-Exame do Estado Mental. Realizou-se a análise univariada e bivariada, além do teste Qui-Quadrado de Pearson. Resultados: Os idosos apresentaram independência modificada nos domínios autocuidado, controle de esfíncteres, locomoção e supervisão na mobilidade/transferência. Na mobilidade, os homens apresentaram independência total. Na faixa etária de 80 a 89 anos, observou-se independência modificada. Notou-se que quanto menor a escolaridade, pior o desempenho cognitivo. Conclusão: Apesar da idade avançada, os longevos ainda apresentaram capacidade funcional para o cotidiano, mesmo que necessitassem de supervisão para as tarefas de maior gasto energético como a mobilidade e transferência.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged, 80 and over , Geriatric Assessment/methods , Physical Functional Performance , Brazil , Activities of Daily Living , Chi-Square Distribution , Geriatric Assessment/statistics & numerical data , Cross-Sectional Studies
14.
Rev. bras. enferm ; 72(supl.2): 205-213, 2019. tab
Article in English | BDENF, LILACS | ID: biblio-1057679

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the process of content adaptation and validation of the Geriatric Institutional Assessment Profile (GIAP) for nurses working in the health care for older adults in Brazilian hospitals. Method: methodological study conducted in five stages: initial translation, synthesis of initial translation, back translation, evaluation by committee of judges, and pre-test for cultural adaptation of the instrument. Results: the instrument evaluation had good agreement between the judges, with general content validity of 0.94. The items of the translated version evaluated as unsatisfactory by the judges were reformulated from the professionals' considerations in each group. Thirty-one subjects participated in the study. They considered the instrument easy-to-understand and suggested minor adjustments in some items. Conclusion: the content of the Brazilian version of the GIAP is considered adapted and validated, with potential use in hospital institutions. The next stage will be to submit the instrument to the evaluation process of its psychometric properties for use in Brazilian populations.


RESUMEN Objetivo: describir el proceso de adaptación y validez de contenido del Geriatric Institutional Assessment Profile (GIAP) a enfermeros que trabajan con el cuidado de adultos mayores en los hospitales de Brasil. Método: estudio metodológico llevado a cabo en cinco etapas: traducción inicial, resumen de la traducción inicial, retraducción, evaluación por el comité de expertos y preprueba a la adaptación cultural del instrumento. Resultados: La evaluación del instrumento mostró buena concordancia entre los jueces, con validación de contenido general de 0,94. Los ítems de la versión traducida y evaluada considerados insatisfactorios por los jueces fueron reformulados desde las ponderaciones de los profesionales de cada grupo. De la preprueba participaron 31 sujetos quienes consideraron el instrumento de fácil comprensibilidad y sugirieron algunos ajustes en ciertos ítems. Conclusión: Se considera adaptado y validado el contenido de GIAP a la versión brasileña, con un potencial uso en los hospitales. El siguiente paso será evaluar las propiedades psicométricas del instrumento para utilizarlo con poblaciones brasileñas.


RESUMO Objetivo: descrever o processo de adaptação e validação de conteúdo do Geriatric Institutional Assessment Profile (GIAP) para enfermeiros que atuam no cuidado ao idoso em hospitais brasileiros. Método: estudo metodológico realizado em cinco etapas: tradução inicial, síntese da tradução inicial, retrotradução, avaliação pelo comitê de juízes e pré-teste para adaptação cultural do instrumento. Resultados: A avaliação do instrumento apresentou boa concordância entre os juízes, com validade de conteúdo geral de 0,94. Os itens da versão traduzida avaliados como insatisfatórios pelos juízes foram reformulados com base nas ponderações dos profissionais de cada grupo. Participaram do pré-teste 31 sujeitos que consideraram o instrumento de fácil compreensão e sugeriram pequenas adequações em alguns itens. Conclusão: Considera-se adaptado e validado o conteúdo do GIAP para a versão brasileira, com potencial utilização em instituições hospitalares. O próximo passo será submeter o instrumento ao processo de avaliação de suas propriedades psicométricas para uso em populações brasileiras.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Psychometrics/standards , Geriatric Assessment/methods , Cross-Cultural Comparison , Psychometrics/instrumentation , Psychometrics/methods , Translating , Brazil , Geriatric Assessment/statistics & numerical data , Surveys and Questionnaires , Reproducibility of Results
15.
Geriatr., Gerontol. Aging (Online) ; 12(4): 196-201, out.-dez.2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-981848

ABSTRACT

AIM: Acute care has some complications in the older adult, a frequently overlooked complication is caregiver burden. Scarce information is available on this matter. Therefore, the objective is to describe the factors associated with caregiver burden at the moment of discharge of a hospitalized older adult, in the Mexican healthcare context. METHOD: This is a secondary analysis of a hospital. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed with caregiving burden (measured with the Zarit scale) as the dependent variable. Other variables were tested in order to assess their association with caregiver burden: sociodemographic, health-related, depression, functionality, social support and hospital length of stay, caregiver expenses, quality of life and satisfaction with received care. RESULTS: A total of 111 older adults with their respective caregivers were assessed. From this sample, the mean age for older adults was 73 years (± standard deviation 7.9 years) and 65.7% (n = 73) were women. Caregiver burden was present in 39.6% (n = 44) of the individuals. Regarding the multivariate analyses, the only variable independently associated with caregiver burden was depression in the older adult, odds ratio 1.12 (95% confidence interval 1­1.25, p = 0.045). CONCLUSIONS: In concordance with previous work on this matter, according to our results depression in the older adult was a trigger of caregiver burden at discharge of acute care.


OBJETIVO: Os cuidados intensivos têm algumas complicações em idosos, e uma frequentemente negligenciada é a sobrecarga do cuidador, sobre a qual pouca informação está disponível. Desse modo, o objetivo deste trabalho é descrever os fatores associados com a sobrecarga do cuidador na alta hospitalar de um paciente idoso no contexto médico mexicano. METODOLOGIA: Esta é uma análise secundária de um hospital. Foram realizadas análises bivariadas e multivariadas tendo a sobrecarga do cuidador (medida com a escala de Zarit) como variável dependente. Outras variáveis foram testadas com o propósito de avaliar a sua associação com a sobrecarga do cuidador: sociodemográficas, de saúde, depressão, funcionalidade, apoio social e duração da estadia hospitalar, despesas do cuidador, qualidade de vida e satisfação com o cuidado recebido. RESULTADOS: Ao todo, 111 idosos com seus cuidadores foram avaliados. Dessa amostra, a idade média dos idosos foi de 73 anos (± desvio-padrão de 7,9 anos) e 65,7% (n=73) eram mulheres. A sobrecarga do cuidador estava presente em 39,6% (n=44) dos indivíduos. Com relação às análises multivariadas, a única variável independentemente associada com a sobrecarga do cuidador foi a depressão nos idosos, com razão de probabilidade de 1,12 (95% intervalo de confiança 1­1.25, p = 0.045). CONCLUSÕES: Em conformidade com trabalhos anteriores realizados sobre este assunto, de acordo com os nossos resultados a depressão nos idosos foi um gatilho para a sobrecarga do cuidador na alta dos cuidados intensivos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Geriatric Assessment/statistics & numerical data , Workload/statistics & numerical data , Caregivers/psychology , Caregivers/statistics & numerical data , Health of the Elderly , Depression/psychology , Hospitalization , Mexico
16.
Rev. latinoam. enferm. (Online) ; 26: e2977, 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-961201

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: to determine the diagnosis of the situation regarding documentation of falls and risk of falls in people older than 75 years in basic health units in Spain and Portugal. Method: mixed exploratory study in two stages: (i) quantitative descriptive of randomly selected fall records produced in one year (597 records; 197 Spanish and 400 Portuguese); and (ii) qualitative, with the purpose of knowing the perception of health professionals employing semi-structured interviews (72 professionals, 16 Spanish and 56 Portuguese). The study areas were two basic health units in southern Spain and northern Portugal. Results: in the fall records, the number of women was higher. The presence of fall was associated with the variables age, presence of dementia, osteoarticular disease, previous falls and consumption of antivertiginous medication. Health professionals perceived an absence of risk assessment instruments, as well as lack of prevention programs and lack of awareness of this event. Conclusion: falls are perceived as an area of ​​priority attention for health professionals. Nonetheless, there is a lack of adherence to the registration of falls and risk assessment, due to organizational, logistical and motivational problems.


RESUMO Objetivo: determinar o diagnóstico da situação sobre a documentação das quedas e risco de queda em pessoas maiores de 75 anos em unidades básicas de saúde da Espanha e Portugal. Método: estudo exploratório misto em duas etapas: (i) descritiva quantitativa de registros de queda selecionados aleatoriamente produzidos em um ano (597 registros; 197 espanhóis e 400 portugueses); e (ii) qualitativa, para conhecer a percepção dos profissionais de saúde, utilizando entrevistas semiestruturadas (72 profissionais; 16 espanhóis e 56 portugueses). Os âmbitos de estudo foram duas unidades básicas de saúde do Sul de Espanha e do Norte de Portugal. Resultados: nos registros de queda, o número de mulheres era maior. A presença de queda esteve associada com as variáveis idade, presença de demência, doença osteoarticular, quedas prévias e consumo de antivertiginosos. Os profissionais de saúde perceberam uma ausência de instrumentos de avaliação do risco de queda, assim como carência de programas de prevenção e falta de sensibilização sobre este acontecimento. Conclusão: as quedas são percebidas como uma área de atenção prioritária para os profissionais de saúde. Não obstante, existe uma falta de adesão ao registro de quedas e da avaliação do risco como consequência de problemas organizacionais, logísticos e motivacionais.


RESUMEN Objetivo: determinar el diagnóstico de la situación sobre la documentación de las caídas y riesgo de caída en personas mayores de 75 años en unidades básicas de salud de España y Portugal. Método: estudio exploratorio mixto en dos etapas: (i) descriptiva cuantitativa de registros de caída seleccionados aleatoriamente producidos en un año (597 registros; 197 españoles y 400 portugueses); y (ii) cualitativa, para conocer la percepción de los profesionales sanitarios, empleando entrevistas semiestructuras (72 profesionales; 16 españoles y 56 portugueses). Los ámbitos de estudio fueron dos unidades básicas de salud del Sur de España y Norte de Portugal. Resultados: en los registros de caída, el número de mujeres era mayor. La presencia de caída se asociaba con las variables edad, presencia de demencia, enfermedad osteoarticular, caídas previas y consumo de anti-vertiginosos. Los profesionales sanitarios percibían una ausencia de instrumentos de evaluación del riesgo de caída, así como carencia de programas de prevención y falta de sensibilización sobre este acontecimiento. Conclusión: las caídas son percibidas como un área de atención prioritaria para los profesionales sanitarios. No obstante, existe una falta de adhesión al registro de caídas y de la evaluación del riesgo como consecuencia de problemas organizacionales, logísticos y motivacionales.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Accidental Falls/prevention & control , Accidental Falls/statistics & numerical data , Geriatric Assessment/statistics & numerical data , Health Personnel/statistics & numerical data , Community Health Nursing/statistics & numerical data , Portugal/epidemiology , Spain/epidemiology , Attitude of Health Personnel
17.
Rev. latinoam. enferm. (Online) ; 26: e3100, 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-978598

ABSTRACT

Objective to compare the frailty syndrome among elderly people living at home in two Brazilian cities and to identify factors related to sociodemographic and health-related variables. Method population-based cross-sectional study with 480 elderly individuals from the cities of Ribeirão Preto/SP and João Pessoa/PB, with application of the Mini Mental State Examination instruments and the Edmonton Frailty, Geriatric Depression and Lawton and Brody scales. Descriptive analysis, Chi-square test, Fisher's test, Student's t-test, Spermann's correlation and Logistic regression were used. In all analyzes, the level of significance was set at p≤0.05. Results in relation to frailty, it was verified that living in Ribeirão Preto, presenting advanced age, low schooling, multiple chronic diseases, reduced cognitive status and functional capacity, besides depressive symptoms, are factors associated with the frailty syndrome, in both cities. Conclusion we identified that the frailty syndrome in the elderly of both cities has a relation with the place where the elderly person lives, age, schooling, number of diseases, reduction of cognitive status, functional capacity and presence of symptoms depressive.


Objetivo comparar a síndrome da fragilidade entre idosos que vivem no domicílio em dois municípios brasileiros e identificar fatores relacionados às variáveis sociodemográficas e de saúde. Método estudo transversal de base populacional por conglomerado, com 480 idosos dos municípios de Ribeirão Preto/SP e João Pessoa/PB, com aplicação dos instrumentos do Mini Exame do Estado Mental e as escalas de Fragilidade de Edmonton, Depressão Geriátrica e Lawton e Brody. Foram utilizados a análise descritiva, Teste Qui Quadrado, Teste de Fisher, Teste t Student, Correlação de Spermann e Regressão Logística. Em todas as análises, adotou-se o nível de significância de p≤0,05. Resultados em relação à fragilidade, verificou-se que morar em Ribeirão Preto, apresentar idade avançada, baixa escolaridade, múltiplas doenças crônicas, diminuição do estado cognitivo e capacidade funcional, além dos sintomas depressivos, são fatores que se associam com a síndrome da fragilidade, em ambas as cidades. Conclusão identificou-se que a síndrome da fragilidade em idosos de ambos os municípios estudados tem relação com o local onde o idoso mora, com a idade, a escolaridade, o número de doenças, a diminuição do estado cognitivo, da capacidade funcional e presença de sintomas depressivos.


Objetivo comparar el síndrome de la fragilidad en el adulto mayor que viven en el domicilio en dos ciudades brasileiras e identificar los factores relacionados a las variables sociodemográficas y de salud. Método estudio transversal de base poblacional por conglomerado, con 480 adultos mayores de las ciudades de Ribeirão Preto/SP y João Pessoa/PB, con aplicación de los instrumentos de Mini Examen del Estado Mental y las escalas de Fragilidad de Edmonton, Depresión Geriátrica y Lawton y Brody. Fueron utilizados el análisis descriptivo, Test Chi-cuadrado, Test de Fisher, Test t Student, Correlación de Spermann y Regresión Logística. En todos los análisis, se adoptó el nivel de significancia de p≤0,05. Resultados en relación a la fragilidad, se verificó que vivir en Ribeirão Preto, presentar edad avanzada, baja escolaridad, múltiples enfermedades crónicas, disminución del estado cognitivo y capacidad funcional, además de los síntomas depresivos, son factores que se asocian con el síndrome de la fragilidad, en ambas ciudades. Conclusión se identificó que el síndrome de la fragilidad en los adultos mayores de ambas ciudades tienen relación con el local donde el adulto mayor vive, con la edad, la escolaridad, el número de enfermedades, la disminución del estado cognitivo, de la capacidad funcional y presencia de síntomas depresivos.


Subject(s)
Aging/physiology , Aging/psychology , Geriatric Assessment/statistics & numerical data , Frail Elderly/statistics & numerical data , Frailty/psychology , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Frail Elderly/psychology , Depression/psychology
18.
Rev. bras. epidemiol ; 21(supl.2): e180002, 2018. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-985271

ABSTRACT

RESUMO: O Estudo Saúde, Bem-Estar e Envelhecimento (SABE) teve início em 2000 sob coordenação da Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde como um estudo multicêntrico desenvolvido em sete centros urbanos da América Latina e Caribe para traçar o perfil das condições de vida e saúde das pessoas idosas na região. No Brasil, foi realizado na cidade de São Paulo, onde foram entrevistadas 2.143 pessoas (coorte A), com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos, por amostra probabilística. Em 2006, o Estudo SABE - Brasil transformou-se em longitudinal. Nesse momento, foram localizadas e reentrevistadas 1.115 pessoas, introduzindo-se uma nova amostra probabilística de idosos com idade de 60 a 64 anos (coorte B, n = 298), o transformando em longitudinal de múltiplas coortes com o objetivo principal de identificar as transformações que ocorrem no processo de envelhecimento entre as diferentes gerações. No ano 2010 foi desenvolvido o seguimento longitudinal das coortes A e B e introduzida nova coorte de 60 a 64 anos (coorte C, n = 355). Nas três coletas (2000, 2006 e 2010) utilizou-se um instrumento sob a forma de questionário, avaliação antropométrica e testes funcionais, introduzindo-se a coleta de sangue para avaliação de parâmetros bioquímicos, imunológicos e genéticos e, também, o acelerômetro para medir objetivamente o gasto calórico dos idosos.


ABSTRACT: The Health, Wellbeing and Aging Study (SABE) began in 2000 under the coordination of the Pan American Health Organization as a multicenter study developed in seven urban centers of Latin America and the Caribbean, to determine the health and living conditions of elderly in this region. In Brazil, the study was developed in the city of São Paulo, where 2,143 individuals (cohort A) aged 60 years or older were selected through probabilistic sampling. In 2006, 1,115 of these individuals were interviewed a second time, and a new probabilistic cohort of individuals aged 60 to 64 years was added (cohort B; n=298). Thus the SABE Study - Brazil was transformed into a multi-cohort longitudinal study, with the objective of identifying changes that occur in the aging process among different generations. In 2010, a longitudinal follow-up was developed with cohorts A and B, with the addition of a new cohort of individuals aged 60 to 64 years (cohort C; n=355). Thethree surveys (2000, 2006 and 2010) involved the application of a questionnaire, anthropometric evaluation and functional tests, with the subsequent inclusion of blood collection for the evaluation of biochemical, immunological and genetic variables, as well as an accelerometer for the measuring of caloric expenditure.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Algorithms , Geriatric Assessment/methods , Geriatric Assessment/statistics & numerical data , Health Surveys/methods , Health Surveys/statistics & numerical data , Reference Standards , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil , Aging , Surveys and Questionnaires , Longitudinal Studies , Sex Distribution , Age Distribution , Healthy Aging , Middle Aged
19.
Rev. bras. epidemiol ; 21(supl.2): e180005, 2018. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-985266

ABSTRACT

RESUMO: Introdução: A cidade de São Paulo conta com a maior comunidade de descendentes japoneses fora do Japão. Objetivos: Comparar as condições demográficas, econômicas, funcionais e de saúde de idosos não japoneses, japoneses e descendentes de japoneses, bem como analisar comparativamente as condições funcionais e de saúde de idosos nascidos no Japão e de seus descendentes nascidos no Brasil. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado no município de São Paulo, no ano de 2010, com 1.345 idosos (≥ 60 anos) participantes do Estudo Saúde, Bem-Estar e Envelhecimento (SABE). Os idosos foram classificados em não japoneses (não nascidos no Japão), japoneses (nascidos no Japão) ou descendentes diretos de japoneses. Para a análise dos dados, utilizou-se o teste do χ2 com correção Rao-Scott. Resultados: Dos 1.345 idosos, 3,3% eram japoneses ou descendentes. Esses se diferenciavam dos não japoneses quanto à escolaridade mais elevada e suficiência de renda. Entre os idosos nascidos no Japão, houve maior proporção de longevos (38,8%), portadores de doenças cardiovasculares (48,9%) e de declínio cognitivo (26,7%). Conclusão: Nota-se que os idosos japoneses/descendentes apresentaram melhor funcionalidade quando comparados aos não japoneses. Já entre japoneses e descendentes, observou-se diferenças no perfil das doenças. Acredita-se que tais resultados possam ser decorrentes das influências culturais.


ABSTRACT: Introduction: The city of São Paulo has the largest community of Japanese descendants outside of Japan. Objectives: To compare the demographic, economic, functional, and health conditions of non-Japanese, Japanese, and their descendants; and to analyze comparatively the functional and health conditions of older adults born in Japan and their descendants born in Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in the city of São Paulo, in 2010, with 1,345 older adults (≥ 60 years) participants in the SABE Study (Health, Welfare and Aging). The participants were classified as non-Japanese (not born in Japan), Japanese (born in Japan) or have reported being a direct descendant of Japanese. For the data analysis, χ2 test with Rao-Scott correction was used. Results: Of the 1,345 older adults, 3.3% were Japanese or descendants. These differed from non-Japanese in terms of higher education and reported income sufficiency. Among older adults born in Japan, there was a higher proportion of oldest old (38.8%), cardiovascular diseases (48.9%) and cognitive decline (26.7%). Conclusion: It is noted that Japanese and descendants older adults presented better functionality when compared to non-Japanese. Among Japanese and descendants, differences in the profile of diseases were observed. It is believed that such results may be due to cultural influences.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Aging/ethnology , Geriatric Assessment/statistics & numerical data , Asian People/statistics & numerical data , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil/ethnology , Activities of Daily Living , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Sex Distribution , Age Distribution , Japan , Middle Aged
20.
Rev. bras. epidemiol ; 21(supl.2): e180015, 2018. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-985257

ABSTRACT

RESUMO: Introdução: O processo de envelhecimento é caracterizado por várias alterações, incluindo do estado nutricional e da ingestão alimentar. Para compreender a tendência dessas alterações são necessários estudos com idosos de diferentes épocas de nascimento. Objetivo: Comparar o estado nutricional e a ingestão alimentar de idosos participantes do Estudo Saúde, Bem-Estar e Envelhecimento (SABE), realizado em São Paulo, em 2000 e 2010. Métodos: O estado nutricional foi identificado pelo índice de massa corporal (IMC), considerando: baixo peso (IMC < 23 kg/m²); peso adequado (23 ≤ IMC < 28 kg/m²); excesso de peso (IMC ≥ 28 kg/m²); e a ingestão alimentar referida: número de refeições (≥ 3/dia), frequência de laticínios (≥ 1 porção/dia), de ovos e leguminosas (≥ 1 porção/semana), de frutas, legumes e verduras (≥ 2 porções/dia), de carnes (≥ 3 porções/semana) e de líquidos (≥ 5 copos/dia). A comparação foi realizada por razão de prevalência, utilizando regressão de Poisson. Resultados: Participaram 755 indivíduos de ambos os sexos, de 60 a 64 anos, nascidos nos períodos de 1936 a 1940 e 1946 a 1950. Os idosos nascidos entre 1946 e 1950 apresentaram maior razão de prevalência para excesso de peso (RP = 1,19) e para número de refeições (RP = 1,34) e para líquidos (RP = 1,18), contudo menor razão de prevalência para laticínios (RP = 0,87), para carnes (RP = 0,93) e para frutas, legumes e verduras (RP = 0,83). Conclusão: Estes resultados mostram cenários alimentar e nutricional preocupantes para a coorte mais recente (1946 - 1950).


ABSTRACT: Introduction: The aging process is characterized by several changes in individuals' life, including his or her nutritional status and food intake. To understand the trends of these changes, studies with elderly people who were born at different times are necessary. Objective: To compare the nutritional status and food intake of elderly people who participated in the Health, Well-being, and Aging study (SABE study), conducted in São Paulo, in 2000 and 2010. Methods: The nutritional status was identified by means of the body mass index (BMI) and was classified as underweight (BMI < 23 kg/m²), adequate weight (23 ≤ BMI < 28 kg/m²), or overweight (BMI ≥ 28 kg/m). Food intake was self-reported and was classified as the number of meals (≥ 3/day), frequency of intake of dairy products (≥ 1 serving/day), eggs and beans (≥ 1 serving/week), fruits and vegetables (≥ 2 servings/day), meat (≥ 3 servings/week), and liquids (≥ 5 glasses/day). The prevalence ratio was calculated to compare the variables of the cohorts, using Poisson regression. Results: A total of 755 individuals of both the genders aged 60 to 64 years and who were born between 1936 and 1940 and between 1946 and 1950 participated in this study. Elderly people who were born between 1946 and 1950 presented higher prevalence ratio of overweight (PR = 1.19), number of meals (PR = 1.34), and liquids intake (PR = 1.18), but presented lower prevalence of intake of dairy products (PR = 0.87), meats (PR = 0.93), and fruits and vegetables (PR = 0.83). Conclusion: These results showed concerning scenarios of nutritional status and food intake for the most recent cohort (1946 - 1950).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Geriatric Assessment/statistics & numerical data , Nutritional Status/physiology , Eating/physiology , Feeding Behavior/physiology , Reference Values , Time Factors , Body Weight , Brazil/epidemiology , Body Mass Index , Poisson Distribution , Sex Factors , Cross-Sectional Studies , Age Factors , Overweight/etiology , Overweight/epidemiology , Self Report , Middle Aged
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